Covalent compounds are the bonding of non-metals. The way
covalent bonding works is by gaining, or losing valence electrons in order to
become more stable just like ionic compounds. In covalent bonds anions are
used, which are negative electrons that are non-metals. Unlike ionic compounds
which give up electrons, covalent bonds form by sharing electrons. In order to
form a covalent bond first you have to identify that the two or more elements
you are using are non-metals. Then you will put them side by side, and draw
their valence electrons around them. Make sure to keep the lonely electrons and
elements side-by-side. Once you have this set up you will draw a solid line to
each of the lonely electrons connecting them. For example hydrogen (H,
non-metal) has one valence electron, and it shares its electron with Iodine (I,
non-metal) which has seven valence electrons. This bond makes both of the
elements more stable.
Visual:
video on covalent bonding:
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